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Cardiovascular Drugs Market Report, 2019-2026 | Growth, Trends and Forecast

mymedicplus — Sat, 28 Nov 2020 06:42:37 +0000

Source – https://cheshire.media/

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Cardiovascular Drugs Market Report has recently added by Value Market Research, this surveillance report establishing the facts based on current scenarios, historical records from 2019 to future forecast up to 2026. This report explicit data of various outlooks such as market share, size, growth rates, and industry opportunities and offering an economical advantage for business success. It furnishes a 360-degree overview of the competitive landscape of the global industries. Porter’s Five Forces Model analysis has been used to understand the industry’s structure, strength, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and challenges in front of the businesses. Moreover, the report also highlights a sudden occurrence of COVID-19 impact on the cardiovascular drugs market to improve future capacities and other developments.

The research report also covers the comprehensive profiles of the key players in the market and an in-depth view of the competitive landscape worldwide. The major players in the cardiovascular drugs market include Pfizer, Inc., AstraZeneca plc, Merck & Co., Sanofi S.A., Novartis AG, Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, and Bayer AG. This section includes a holistic view of the competitive landscape that includes various strategic developments such as key mergers & acquisitions, future capacities, partnerships, financial overviews, collaborations, new product developments, new product launches, and other developments.

Market Dynamics

The driving force for the cardiovascular drug market is the increase in awareness about the effects of these medications. This is resulting in boosted demands for CVD drugs, demands that are reinforced by poor air quality, an increasingly sedentary lifestyle, and rising levels of social unrest. However, cardiovascular diseases carry a heavy economic burden, which acts as a grave challenge for the cardiovascular drug market. With the increase in aging popular across the globe, there is a considerable need for innovation and development of new drugs, thereby generating lucrative business prospects for the manufacturers. The progress of regenerative medicine as an emerging field of scientific research is foreseen to drive the CVC market.

The report covers Porter’s Five Forces Model, Market Attractiveness Analysis and Value Chain analysis. These tools help to get a clear picture of the industry’s structure and evaluate the competition attractiveness at a global level.

Additionally, these tools also give inclusive assessment of each application/product segment in the global market of cardiovascular drugs.

Market Segmentation

The entire cardiovascular drugs market has been sub-categorized into disease, drug class and distribution channel. The report provides an analysis of these subsets with respect to the geographical segmentation. This research study will keep marketer informed and helps to identify the target demographics for a product or service.

By Disease

Cardiac Arrhythmias
Arteriosclerosis
Acute Coronary Syndrome
Myocardial Infarction
Coronary Artery Disease
Peripheral Artery Disease
Hyperlipidaemia
Hypertension
Cardiac Failure Diseases
Thrombosis
Others

By Drug Class

Anti-Hyperlipidemics
Anti-Fibrinolytic
Anti-Hypertensive
Anti-Arrhythmic
Anti-Coagulants
Others

By Distribution Channel

Hospital Pharmacies
Retail Pharmacies
Online Pharmacies

Regional Analysis

This section covers regional segmentation which accentuates on current and future demand for cardiovascular drugs market across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. Further, the report focuses on demand for individual application segment across all the prominent regions.

About Us:

Value Market Research was established with the vision to ease decision making and empower the strategists by providing them with holistic market information.

We facilitate clients with syndicate research reports and customized research reports on 25+ industries with global as well as regional coverage.

The post Cardiovascular Drugs Market Report, 2019-2026 | Growth, Trends and Forecast appeared first on MyMedicPlus.

Global Cardiovascular Devices Market to Rise at 6.4% CAGR and Reach USD 82.20 Billion by 2026; Rising Awareness and Increasing Demand for Cardiovascular Surgical Devices Will Promote Market Growth, says Fortune Business Insights™ Key Prominent Players Covered in the Cardiovascular Devices Market Research Report Are Terumo Cardiovascular Systems Corporation, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, B. Braun Melsungen AG, Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc., Abbott, Medtronic, Cordis, LivaNova PLC, GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, Edwards Lifesciences Corporation, Boston Scientific Corporation and other key market players.

mymedicplus — Sat, 28 Nov 2020 06:36:52 +0000

Source – https://www.globenewswire.com/

Pune, Nov. 26, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — According to the report, the cardiovascular devices market size was USD 49.90 billion in 2018 and is projected to rise at a CAGR of 6.4% between 2019 and 2026. The global market size is prognosticated to reach USD 82.20 billion by 2026 on account of the increasing cases of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, congenital heart disease, heart attack, cardiomyopathy, and others.

KEY INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTS:

October 2019 – BIOTRONIK announced the launch of the PK Papyrus Covered Coronary Stent in the United States, for usage in the emergency treatment of acute coronary perforations.
May 2019 – Medtronic announced the launch of the Telescope Guide Extension Catheter, a newly designed catheter for the additional backup support and the access to distal lesions, which will enable the support of the complex coronary cases where the distal lesions were not accessible.
October 2017 – Abbott announced the introduction of the next generation of the most widely used heart stent for people suffering from coronary artery disease in Europe called the XIENCE Sierra, which is the newest generation of drug-eluting XIENCE stent.

Rising Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases to Boost Market

The most important factor driving the market is the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. This, coupled with the advent of advanced technological diagnostics for the diagnosis of heart diseases, is creating lucrative growth opportunities. Besides this, the increasing awareness and initiatives taken by regional governments are expected to propel the cardiovascular devices market growth. Additionally, major investments are made to cater to the rising demand for cardiovascular surgical devices, and this will help the market gain momentum in the forecast period.

However, the market may be negatively impacted by the inability of vendors to invest in research and development of cardiovascular systems following its inefficiency with reimbursement models. Nevertheless, the advent of advanced safety and remote monitoring in the latest devices is likely to create lucrative growth opportunities for the market in the long run.

Presence of Major Vendors Strengthening North America Market Share

Geographically, the global cardiovascular devices market is widespread into the regions of North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa. Among these, North America is holding the major cardiovascular devices market share, followed by Europe.

This is on account of the presence of major manufacturers in Canada and the U.S. On the other side, the market in Asia Pacific is likely to earn significant cardiovascular device market revenue on account of the rise in prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and the regulatory scenario of the market.

Major Companies Aiming to Expand Product Portfolio Will Intensify Market Competition

As per the 2018 records, three companies are holding the maximum cardiovascular devices market share, namely Boston Scientific Corporation, Medtronic, and Abbott. High revenue generation from these companies is attributable to the strong product portfolio, including heart valves, advanced stents, and other cardiovascular products.

Cardiovascular devices market manufacturers are emphasizing on cardiopulmonary production, which will further help to earn high revenues, especially from previously untreatable patients.

Quick Buy – Cardiovascular Devices Market Research Report: https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/checkout-page/102418

List of Significant Cardiovascular Devices Companies are as follows:

Terumo Cardiovascular Systems Corporation
Siemens Healthcare GmbH
B. Braun Melsungen AG
Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc.
Abbott
Medtronic
Cordis (Cardinal Health)
LivaNova PLC
GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY (GE Healthcare)
Edwards Lifesciences Corporation
Boston Scientific Corporation
Others

Global Cardiovascular Devices Market Segmentations:

By Device Type

• Diagnostic and Monitoring Devices

o Electrocardiogram (ECG)

o Remote Cardiac Monitoring

o Others

• Therapeutic and Surgical Devices

o Ventricular Assist Devices (VAD)

o Cardiac Rhythm Management (CRM) Devices

o Catheter

o Stents

o Heart Valves

• Others

By Application

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

• Cardiac Arrhythmia

• Heart Failure

• Others

By End User

• Hospitals

• Specialty Clinics

• Others

By Geography

• North America (U.S. and Canada)

• Europe (U.K., Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Scandinavia, and Rest of Europe)

• Asia Pacific (Japan, China, India, Australia, Southeast Asia, and Rest of Asia Pacific)

• Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, and Rest of Latin America)

• Middle East & Africa (South Africa, GCC and Rest of Middle East & Africa)

SECONDARY DATA SOURCES THAT WE REFER TO:

Annual reports, investor presentation, SEC filings, and press releases of companies operating in the market
Studies published by relevant associations MedTech Europe; American College of Radiology; Cancer Council Australia; Japan Hospital Association, etc.), government sources (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Health, Labour & Welfare, Japan; National Health Service, England, etc.), international organizations (World Health Organization, The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Eurostat, etc.), and articles published by Research Gate, NCBI, etc.
Website, reports, and press releases of end user facilities – Hospitals, Ambulatory Surgery Centres, Clinics
Industry journals and paid databases

SECONDARY RESEARCH IS CONDUCTED TO DERIVE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:

Details such as revenues, market share, strategies, growth rate, product & their pricing by region/country for all major companies
Details in relation to prevalence, incidence, patient numbers, distribution of patients, average price of treatment, etc.
Number of end user facilities by region/country and average annual spending or procurement of devices by type of end user facility
Number of procedures and average price of procedures
Replacement rate and pricing of capital equipment
Market dynamics in relation to the market under focus – Drivers, restraints, trends, and opportunities
Market & technological trends, new product developments, product pipeline.

Have a Look at Related Reports:

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About Us:

Fortune Business Insights offers expert corporate analysis and accurate data, helping organizations of all sizes make timely decisions. We tailor innovative solutions for our clients, assisting them to address challenges distinct to their businesses. Our goal is to empower our clients with holistic market intelligence, giving a granular overview of the market they are operating in.

Our reports contain a unique mix of tangible insights and qualitative analysis to help companies achieve sustainable growth. Our team of experienced analysts and consultants use industry-leading research tools and techniques to compile comprehensive market studies, interspersed with relevant data.

At Fortune Business Insights we aim at highlighting the most lucrative growth opportunities for our clients. We, therefore, offer recommendations, making it easier for them to navigate through technological and market-related changes. Our consulting services are designed to help organizations identify hidden opportunities and understand prevailing competitive challenges.

The post Global Cardiovascular Devices Market to Rise at 6.4% CAGR and Reach USD 82.20 Billion by 2026; Rising Awareness and Increasing Demand for Cardiovascular Surgical Devices Will Promote Market Growth, says Fortune Business Insights™ Key Prominent Players Covered in the Cardiovascular Devices Market Research Report Are Terumo Cardiovascular Systems Corporation, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, B. Braun Melsungen AG, Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc., Abbott, Medtronic, Cordis, LivaNova PLC, GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, Edwards Lifesciences Corporation, Boston Scientific Corporation and other key market players. appeared first on MyMedicPlus.

Towards a new understanding of cardiovascular risk in diabetes

mymedicplus — Wed, 18 Nov 2020 09:41:20 +0000

Source – https://pharmaphorum.com/

A new post-hoc analysis from Novo Nordisk of their SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6 studies into semaglutide is looking to help ‘individualise’ treatment for diabetes patients by better predicting their cardiovascular lifetime risk. We spoke to lead study investigator, Utrecht University’s Dr Jan Westerink, to find out how he sees the results being used in daily practice.

The heightened risk of cardiovascular disease remains a pressing concern for type-2 diabetes patients, and one that many healthcare systems have not quite got a handle on yet.

Dr Jan Westerink, assistant professor of internal medicine, University Medical Center, Utrecht, believes that one issue is that the guidelines for addressing cardiovascular risk are too rigid, and don’t take into account each patient’s individual circumstance.

“People always say that patients and doctors should share decision making and discuss treatments with one another, but in reality, most of us just follow the guidelines.

“The problem is, if you have a high risk of cardiovascular disease, the guidelines might suggest that you are given statins and told to take them for the next 50 years, with no discussion at all.”

But Dr Westerink believes there needs to be more room for nuance and an understanding of lifetime risk.

“If you start taking a diabetes treatment with cardiovascular benefits whilst you’re relatively young, you will benefit more than a person who started taking it in their 70s.

“It’s like starting a savings account; if you start young then the benefits will be a lot greater than if you started at a higher age.”

“By using the results of the analysis on individual patient cases, we can show that with the use of semaglutide added to standard of care, some patients will have less than one year’s worth of benefits, and some patients will have more than two years. The mean benefit there would be 1.7 years, but it’s very different for each individual patient.”

But current guidelines do not always take into account this type of reasoning.

Applying a new model

To help understand the lifetime risk of developing CVD and how diabetes drugs like semaglutide can affect this for individual patients, Novo Nordisk conducted a post-hoc analysis by applying the Diabetes Lifetime-perspective prediction (DIAL) of cardiovascular risk model to data from two of Novo Nordisk’s phase 3 trials into semaglutide – SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6.

This model was specifically developed for use in people with type 2 diabetes for lifetime risk prediction of cardiovascular events as well as the years free from cardiovascular disease gained from an intervention.

It was based on data from 389,366 people with type 2 diabetes in the Swedish National Diabetes Registry and externally validated across multiple geographical regions.

Prediction models like this are recommended to help prediction and prevention of cardiovascular disease by leading cardiology associations, including the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

“As a lifetime risk model, it estimates your life expectancy without cardiovascular disease, whilst also taking into account that you have a risk of dying from other causes,” Westerink, who was lead investigator of the analysis, says.

The two studies included 6,480 people with type 2 diabetes with high cardiovascular risk aged between 50-90 years.

The analysis showed that the addition of semaglutide to standard of care may extend life without a cardiovascular event, such as heart attack or stroke, in people with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk for up to 3 years, with the average being 18 months.

The results also showed a 20% risk reduction in ten-year risk of experiencing cardiovascular events for participants receiving semaglutide compared to standard of care alone.

With semaglutide, the average number of years during which participants did not experience a cardiovascular event was extended by 7-35 months across all age groups (50 – 90 years), with the greatest benefit seen in people aged between 50 -65 years and with high cardiovascular risk.

The team then took the MACE hazard ratio from the trial cohort – 0.76 – and applied it to patient-level lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease events derived from the DIAL model. From that, they were able to calculate the return on investment from lifetime use of semaglutide for individual patients.

For example, for a specific patient, a 61-year old man with type 2 diabetes and a history of cardiovascular disease, the DIAL model showed that adding semaglutide to standard of care reduced the 10-year risk of having a cardiovascular event by 21% and provided almost two-and-a-half years (29 months) free of cardiovascular events.

“What we found is that, as expected, if you have a large population and you calculate absolute benefits in all those individual patients and you make a histogram, you can see that they have a very wide distribution,” says Dr Westerink.

“Although there’s an average hazard ratio of 0.76 and a 20% risk reduction when looking at every patient, not everybody’s got to benefit to the same extent.”

Logical treatment

Dr Westerink hopes that insights like this could lead to recommendations for diabetes treatment becoming more personalised, based on each individual patient’s lifetime risk.

He adds that the most important aspect of this approach is its simplicity and logic.

“I’ve never met anybody who doesn’t understand the concept when they hear it,” he says. “The only problem at the moment is that it’s not what doctors are taught to do. Everybody feels that they shouldn’t give older patients certain kinds of drugs, or that they shouldn’t just tell young people to improve their lifestyle and not medicate them at all. In reality, we know that’s not really how it’s supposed to work, and that’s what makes this approach so logical.”

Dr Westerink hopes that eventually this approach will be included in international guidelines, although he acknowledges that changing practice will take “a different way of thinking” from doctors. For example, they might be required to do more in-depth interviews with patients to be able to accurately predict risk.

Westerink adds that individualising treatment in this way could ultimately lead to higher adherence.

“It lets the patient take the lead in their own treatment and lets them know exactly why they are taking a drug,” he says.

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Food insecurity linked to higher cardiovascular death risk

mymedicplus — Wed, 18 Nov 2020 09:38:18 +0000

Source – https://www.therahnuma.com/

New York, Nov 9 (IANS) Increasing rates of food insecurity are independently associated with an increase in cardiovascular death rates among adults between the ages of 20 and 64, say researchers.

According to the study, about 10 per cent of adults in the US are considered food insecure, meaning they lack immediate access to fresh, healthy and affordable food.

In addition, the stress from not knowing where their next meal will come from or regularly consuming cheap, processed foods may have an adverse impact on cardiovascular health.

“This research shows food insecurity, which is a particular type of economic distress, is associated with cardiovascular disease,” study author Sameed Khatana from University of Pennsylvania in the US.

“It illustrates that cardiovascular health is tied to many things,” Khatana added.

Researchers accessed county-level data on cardiovascular death rates and food insecurity rates that occurred from 2011 to 2017, among adults age 20 to 64, and those 65 years old and older.

In their analysis, researchers examined cardiovascular mortality trends in the US by average annual percent change in food insecurity.

They assessed the relationship between changes in food insecurity and cardiovascular death rates, after adjusting for variables including changes in demographics, employment, poverty, income, health insurance and other factors already known to affect cardiovascular risk.

Overall, food insecurity rates for the entire country declined significantly (from 14.7 per cent to 13.3 per cent) between 2011 and 2017.

The level in which food insecurity changes was a significant predictor of death for people between the ages of 20 and 64.

The findings showed that cardiovascular death rates remained much higher among the elderly than younger people.

According to the researchers, for every one per cent increase in food insecurity, there was a similar increase in cardiovascular mortality among non-elderly adults.

The study is scheduled to be presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 202, virtually from November 13-17.

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Air pollution accounts for premature deaths from cardiovascular disease

mymedicplus — Tue, 10 Nov 2020 07:36:55 +0000

Source – https://www.news-medical.net/

In a current opinion article “Reduction of environmental pollutants for prevention of cardiovascular disease: it’s time to act”, published in the European Heart Journal this week.

A group of international environmental researchers from the University Medical Center of Mainz (Thomas Münzel and Andreas Daiber), from the University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (Mar Miller), the Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (Mette Sørensen).

The Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Mainz, Germany (Jos Lelieveld) and the Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA (Sanjay Rajagopalan) summarized the epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence in support of an association between noise and air pollution with cardiovascular and metabolic disease, and recommended comprehensive mitigation measures.

Environmental risk factors are increasingly recognized as important determinants of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

While the contribution of high cholesterol, diabetes, arterial hypertension, obesity and smoking are well established, the contribution by factors such as noise and air pollution to cardiovascular disease are often not acknowledged, despite the recognition that they represent the two most common and pervasive environmental risk factors globally.

Recent data indicate that air pollution attributable premature deaths approach 9 million per year globally (mostly cardiovascular causes), accounting for a loss of life expectancy that rivals that of tobacco smoking. The health burden due to noise pollution is mostly based on loss of healthy life years, amounting to several 100 Mio. of disability adjusted life years per year.

In particular with respect to air pollution, 90% of the world population lives in an environment with air pollution levels higher than 10μg/m3, being recommended by the WHO.

The European levels air pollution limits for PM 25 μg/m3 is 2.5 fold higher than the WHO limit and a reduction of the air pollution limits down to the WHO recommendation mainly due to a phase out of fossil fuel use could prevent around 400.000 to 500.000 thousand excess deaths of Europeans. Thus, we urgently need to reduce these limits.”

Thomas Münzel, Researcher, University Medical Center of Mainz

The environmental stressors such as air pollution and noise pollution cause primarily cardiovascular disease such as chronic coronary artery disease, stroke diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension but also neurological diseases and thus represent per se cardiovascular risk factors that can be positively influenced not by doctors or patients themselves but rather by politicians by introducing noise and air pollution limits that protect us from adverse health effects caused by these environmental stressors, “the lead author Münzel comments.

The author team proposes mitigation maneuvers for to protect from air pollution induced health side effects such as active personal exposure mitigation with home air cleaning and personal equipment such as N95 respirators while face masks are not effective in ?

ltering PM2.5, Modification of human behavior to reduce passive exposures such as advising patients with pre-established cardiovascular disease to continue to remain >400 m away from major roadways to avoid exposure to traffic pollutants is a reasonable measure, despite the current lack of strong evidentiary support.

Although a variety of over the counter drugs and medications have been shown to mitigate association between air pollution and surrogates, almost none can be recommended to protect against air pollution mediated adverse health effects at this time.

With respect to noise pollution the team suggests for road traffic noise that the sound generated by the contact between the tires and the pavement is the dominant noise source, at speeds above 35 km/h for cars and above 60 km/h for trucks.

Therefore, changing to electric cars will result in only minor reductions in road traffic noise. Generally applied strategies for reducing road traffic noise include noise barriers in densely populated areas, applying quiet road surfaces, and reducing speed, especially during nighttime. Furthermore, there is a great potential in developing and using low-noise tires.

As many of these mitigation methods result in only relatively small changes in noise a combination of different methods is important in highly exposed areas.

For aircraft noise, mitigation strategies include to minimizing overlapping of air traffic routes and housing zones, introduction of night bans, and implementation of continuous descent arrivals, which require the aircraft to approach on steeper descents with lower, less variable throttle settings.

For railway noise, replacing cast-iron block breaks with composite material, grinding of railway tracks and night bans, are among the preferred strategies for reducing noise.

Lastly, installing sound-reducing windows and/or orientation of the bedroom towards the quiet side of the residence can reduce noise exposure.

To this end Münzel further proposes that “increased awareness of the health burden posed by the risk factors such as noise and air pollution and their incorporation in traditional medical guidelines will help propel legislation to reduce them and significantly improve cardiovascular health.”

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Analysis of Breast Cancer Routine Scans Can Predict Cardiovascular Disease Risk

mymedicplus — Tue, 10 Nov 2020 07:33:19 +0000

Source – https://www.cancernetwork.com/

A recent study found that automated analyses of CT scans for patients with breast cancer can predict which patients are likely to develop cardiovascular disease in the future.

According to research that was presented at the 12th European Breast Cancer Conference, automated analyses of routine scans for patients with breast cancer can predict which women have greater than a 1 in 4 risk of eventually developing cardiovascular disease.

The research suggests that women who have recently been treated for breast cancer have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, and the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease is greater than the risk of dying from breast cancer in some groups of patients.

“We’ve seen great improvement in breast cancer survival, thanks in part to better treatment,” Professor Helena Verkooijen, of the University Medical Center Utrecht in The Netherlands, said in a press release. “However, treatments have side effects and some treatments – such as radiotherapy and certain types of cancer drug – can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. In my opinion, treating breast cancer means finding the right balance between maximising chances of tackling the tumour, while minimising the risks of side effects, including the risk of cardiovascular disease.”

The study analyzed around 14,000 patients with breast cancer treated with radiotherapy between 2005 and 2016 in 3 hospitals across The Netherlands. The researchers followed the cohort of women for an average of 52 months to identify if any of them developed cardiovascular disease.

In terms of calcifications found in patients, 5% of women with no calcifications went on to be hospitalized or die from cardiovascular disease. For women with a score between 1 and 10, 8.9% were hospitalized or died. More, a score of 11-100 saw women hospitalized or died 13.5% of the time. Finally, for women with a score of 101-400 it was 17.5% and in women with a score above 400, it was 28.3%.

When taking into account age and the year a patient was diagnosed, researchers found a 3.7 times greater risk of cardiovascular disease for patients with a score of 400 or above compared to women with no calcifications.

The researchers implemented a coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, which calculates the amount of calcium in the walls of the heart’s arteries, which is known to be a strong indicator of high risk factor for cardiovascular disease. They then developed a deep learning algorithm to gauge the presence and extent of coronary artery calcifications from CT scans, allowing the researchers to automate the process.

“We believe this is the first time anyone has conducted a large-scale study like this,” said Verkooijen. “We’ve shown that we can use routine CT scans to indicate which breast cancer patients are most likely to develop cardiovascular disease. Now we need to do more research to find out what can be done to help minimise this risk, for instance whether patients’ cardiovascular health should be monitored or treated.”

Computer analysis of CT scans was able to spot patients at greater risk for cardiovascular disease, which researchers suggested could allow for ample steps to be taken to minimize that risk.

The team of researchers are working to utilize their technique for cardiovascular risk prediction in radiotherapy units across The Netherlands. For patients who took part in the research and were found to have increased risk of cardiovascular disease, they will be offered further cardiovascular screenings and lifestyle advice, while their scores will be used to plot a breast cancer treatment course.

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The Long-term Cardiovascular Effects of Ertugliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes

mymedicplus — Wed, 14 Oct 2020 06:22:57 +0000

Source – http://www.diabetesincontrol.com/

Ertugliflozin is the most recent SGLT-2 inhibitor approved by the FDA. Recent studies, such as DAPA-HF and the EMPEROR-Reduced trial, have shown that SGLT-2 inhibitors have significant cardiovascular benefits in patients with and without type 2 diabetes. SGLT-2 inhibitors are now recommended to add-on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and evidence of HFrEF or CKD by the American Diabetes Association. With the FDA now mandating cardiovascular safety evaluation be included in trials for new antihyperglycemic agents, VERTIS CV looked at the long-term renal and cardiovascular effects of Ertugliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This randomized, placebo-control trial aimed to show that ertugliflozin was non-inferior to placebo concerning the study‘s primary endpoint. This study’s primary endpoint was a composite of MACE, including death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal MI, or nonfatal stroke. The critical secondary endpoints were a composite of HF hospitalization and death by cardiovascular causes and the composite renal outcome, including renal replacement therapy, serum creatinine doubling, or death from renal causes. A test for superiority was to be conducted for the critical secondary endpoints if non-inferiority was proven in the primary endpoint. To be included in the study, patients with type 2 diabetes (A1c between 7 and 10.5%) had to be ≥ 40 years of age with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Patients were excluded if they had an eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m2, a history of diabetic ketoacidosis, or type 1 diabetes.

Patients were randomized 1:1:1 into study arms receiving either 5 mg or 15 mg of ertugliflozin or placebo on top of the patient‘s standard diabetes therapy. Baseline characteristics were balanced in all three of the arms. The mean duration of the study was 3.0 years, with the mean follow-up period being 3.5 years.

A total of 8246 patients were enrolled in the trial, 5499 patients in the combined ertugliflozin arms, and 2747 patients in the placebo arm. MACE’s primary endpoint was reached in 11.9% of patients in the combined ertugliflozin arms and 11.9% in the placebo group (HR 0.97; 95.6% CI 0.85 – 1.11; p<0.001), demonstrating non-inferiority. In the composite secondary endpoints analysis, patients in the ertugliflozin group had a 12% lower risk of death by cardiovascular cause or hospitalization for heart failure, though not significant (HR 0.88; 95.8% CI, 0.75 – 1.03; p=0.11). A 19% lower risk of the composite renal outcomes was also seen in the combined ertugliflozin arms, though not significant (HR: 0.81, 95.8% CI 0.63-1.04). Of the remaining secondary endpoints, the risk of hospitalization for heart failure was 30% lower in the combined ertugliflozin arms though it was not tested for statistical significance (95% CI 0.54-0.90). At week 18, patients taking ertugliflozin had a lower mean reduction in A1c than patients in the placebo arm. A mean difference of -0.70% and -0.72% was seen in the 5 mg ertugliflozin and 15 mg ertugliflozin arms, respectively, and a difference of -0.22% was seen in patients who received placebo. Adverse events leading to death or permanent discontinuation of the trial regimen did not differ significantly between the groups. Rates of urinary tract infections and genital mycotic infections in both males and females were significantly higher in patients taking ertugliflozin as compared to placebo (p=0.03, p <0.001 and p <0.001, respectively)

Ertugliflozin was found to be non-inferior to placebo concerning MACE. Still, it did not show superiority to placebo in risk reduction of composite renal outcomes or the composite cardiovascular outcomes of hospitalization for heart failure or death by cardiovascular cause. Potential explanations of why ertugliflozin did not reach significance in the critical secondary outcomes include the increased intensity of secondary preventive strategies over the past few years and differences among the SGLT-2 class agents. Though the composite renal outcomes were not met, for other agents in this class, each trial had different definitions for their renal endpoints. Further analysis could be done by modifying the renal endpoints to compare the outcome to other SGLT-2 inhibitors better.

Practice Pearls:

Ertugliflozin was non-inferior to placebo in its effects on MACE, including death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal MI, or nonfatal stroke.
There was no difference in the critical secondary outcomes in the combined ertugliflozin and placebo arms.
Further study can be done to better compare VERTIS CV renal outcomes to that of other SGLT-2 inhibitors.

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Cardiovascular, hematological risk factors impact mortality in pediatric ischemic stroke

mymedicplus — Mon, 12 Oct 2020 06:26:37 +0000

Source – https://www.healio.com/

Cardiovascular and hematological risk factors increased the risk for in-hospital mortality by 613% and 336%, respectively, in pediatric patients who had an ischemic stroke.

These findings, which were obtained through an analysis of a nationwide inpatient sample from 2010 to 2014, were presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Neurological Association.

While pediatric ischemic stroke (PIS) is rare, it is “one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in young patients,” according to the researchers.

“The prevalence of PIS increased by 35% from 1990 to 2013,” the researchers wrote. “Understanding mortality risk associated with risk factors is important.”

Nitya Beriwal, MBBS, of Lady Hardinge Medical School in New Delhi, and Rikinkumar S. Patel, MD, MPH, of Griffin Memorial Hospital in Oklahoma, performed a cross-sectional study of pediatric patients aged 1 to 17 years who had a primary diagnosis of ischemic stroke. The researchers stratified the sample by cardiovascular risk factors, hematological risk factors and no risk factors.

The total sample consisted of 4,036 inpatients. This included 1,321 patients with cardiovascular risk factors, 1,161 patients with hematological risk factors and 1,554 patients with no cardiovascular/hematological risk factors.

Beriwal — who presented the findings— and Patel used logistic regression to examine the effect of hematological risk factors and cardiovascular risk factors on the odds ratio (OR) association with in-hospital mortality, after controlling for demographics and potential risk factors. One limitation noted was that they did not include infants or cases of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis.

The most frequent cardiovascular risk factors in PIS included congenital abnormalities, hypertension, obesity and cardiomyopathy, according to the study findings. Prevalent hematological risk factors included systemic lupus erythematosus, sickle cell anemia, deficiency anemias and coagulation disorders.

Researchers reported a total mortality rate of 3.6%. Of this, a mortality rate of 3.1% was accounted for by individuals with hematological and cardiovascular risk factors. The individual mortality rate in the cardiovascular risk factor cohort was 57.4%; the individual mortality rate in the hematological risk factor cohort was 29.7%. When compared with no risk factors, hematological and cardiovascular risk factors correlated with four times (95% CI, 2.36-8.03) and seven times (95% CI, 4.03-12.61) greater odds for in-hospital mortality, Beriwal and Patel found.

Specifically, significant risk factors for in-hospital mortality included cardiomyopathy (OR = 15.6; 95% CI, 9.19-26.56), diabetes (OR = 11.2; 95% CI, 5.01-24.86), blood cancers (OR = 4.7; 95% CI, 2.24-10.09), hypertension (OR = 2.39; 95% CI, 1.31-4.37), coagulation disorders (OR = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.28-3.89) and deficiency anemias (OR = 1.94; 95% CI, 1.13-3.34).

“[Cardiovascular] and [hematological] risk factors increased the risk [for] in-hospital mortality in PIS by 613% and 336%, respectively,” the researchers wrote. “Strategies should be developed for effective management of potential risk factors to improve survival.”

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Simple blood test could help identify cardiovascular ageing

mymedicplus — Thu, 27 Feb 2020 11:45:55 +0000

Source:.timesnownews.com

London: Researchers have revealed how a simple blood test could be used to help identify cardiovascular ageing and the risk of heart disease. The study, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, reported that higher levels of amyloid-beta in the blood may be a key indicator of cardiovascular disease.

Amyloid-beta is known to be involved in the development of Alzheimer’s disease, yet researchers have now concluded that it may have a key role to play in vascular stiffening, thickening of the arteries, heart failure and heart disease progression.

Simple blood test can help reduce heart disease deaths | Photo Credit: Getty Images

Our work has created and put all the pieces of the puzzle together. For the first time, we have provided evidence of the involvement of amyloid-beta in early and later stages of cardiovascular disease,” said study researcher Konstantinos Stellos from Newcastle University in the UK.

For the findings, the research team analysed blood samples from more than 6,600 patients from multiple cohort studies in nine countries, and found that patients could be divided into high and low risk categories of heart disease based on their amyloid-beta levels.

“What is really exciting is that we were able to reproduce these unexpected, clinically meaningful findings in patients from around the world. In all cases, we observed that amyloid-beta is a biomarker of cardiovascular ageing and of cardiovascular disease prognosis,” Stellos added.

The study proposed the existence of a common link between both conditions, which has not been acknowledged before and could lead to better patient care.

The findings suggest that the higher the level of amyloid-beta in the blood the higher the risk of developing serious heart complications.

In the future, it is hoped that a simple blood test could be added to the current method of patient screening, known as the GRACE score, which assesses heart attack risk and guides patients’ treatment plans.

Using the GRACE score, eight factors are used to predict the risk of heart attack, including age, blood pressure, kidney function and elevated biomarkers.

It is hoped that this research will one day lead to the development of a simple blood test that could be used as a clinical biomarker to identify patients who are most at risk, so that preventative measures can be put in place and death rates reduced.

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Simple blood test could help identify cardiovascular aging and heart disease risk

mymedicplus — Wed, 26 Feb 2020 07:09:57 +0000

Source: news-medical.net

Scientists at Newcastle University have revealed how a simple blood test could be used to help identify cardiovascular aging and the risk of heart disease.

For the first time, experts led by Professor Konstantinos Stellos report that higher levels of amyloid-beta in the blood may be a key indicator of cardiovascular disease.

Key role of amyloid-beta

Amyloid-beta is known to be involved in the development of Alzheimer’s disease, yet scientists have now concluded that it may have a key role to play in vascular stiffening, thickening of the arteries, heart failure and heart disease progression.

The work, published today in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, proposes the existence of a common link between both conditions, which has not been acknowledged before, and could lead to better patient care.

The findings suggest that the higher the level of amyloid-beta in the blood the higher the risk of developing serious heart complications.

Professor Stellos, from Newcastle University’s Biosciences Institute, UK, who also works as a consultant cardiologist at Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, led a series of international studies over the last few years, which involved experts from countries such as Greece, Germany, Switzerland and the USA.

What is really exciting is that we were able to reproduce these unexpected, clinically meaningful findings in patients from around the world. In all cases, we observed that amyloid-beta is a biomarker of cardiovascular aging and of cardiovascular disease prognosis.”

Global health problem

Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death around the world, taking almost 18 million lives each year. It includes coronary heart disease, heart attack, heart failure and other conditions.

Professor Stellos’ Group, in collaboration with several international scientists, analysed blood samples from more than 6,600 patients from multiple cohort studies in nine countries, and found that patients could be divided into high and low risk categories of heart disease based on their amyloid-beta levels.

Using the GRACE score, eight factors are used to predict the risk of heart attack, including age, blood pressure, kidney function and elevated biomarkers.

Further research at Newcastle University will focus on clinical trials to establish the use of a bedside blood test in predicting risk of heart attack and/or death and look at the most effective ways to reduce amyloid-beta in the blood.

Professor Stellos said: “I am interested in knowing which of my patients is at risk of death and/or recurrent heart attacks.

“Measuring amyloid-beta reclassified a large proportion of patients who had a heart attack in the correct risk categories over an established guideline-suggested risk score in independent clinical studies.

“If blood-based amyloid-beta predicts death in patients with heart disease, does it make a therapeutic target? Our next step is to investigate this.”

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FDA Approves Eli Lilly’s Trulicity to Reduce Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

mymedicplus — Wed, 26 Feb 2020 07:05:26 +0000

Source: fool.com

The Food and Drug Administration has expanded the approval of Eli Lilly‘s (NYSE:LLY) Trulicity to include its use for the reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes who have established cardiovascular disease or multiple risk factors for developing cardiovascular issues.

The drug has been approved to treat patients with type 2 diabetes since 2014, but this label expansion makes Trulicity the first drug for type 2 diabetes approved for both preventing or managing risk factors and for reducing the risk of another event occurring.

The approval was based on the REWIND (Researching cardiovascular Events with a Weekly INcretin in Diabetes) study, which followed patients treated with Trulicity for a median of 5.4 years. The drug reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes by 12%. The pharmaceutical company showed Trulicity worked equally well in patients with established cardiovascular disease as it did in patients who only had cardiovascular risk factors: a 13% reduction in events for both groups.

Trulicity is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, and has become the most-prescribed drug in its class, in large part because it only has to be injected once a week. But Eli Lilly’s investors need to be looking in the over their shoulders at Novo Nordisk (NYSE:NVO), which gained FDA approval of an oral GLP-1 drug, Rybelsus, last year.

Rybelsus has some data on its label showing the drug might reduce cardiovascular events, but the patients in its studies were only followed for two years. Novo Nordisk sells the same active ingredient in Rybelsus as Ozempic, which needs to be injected, but it remains to be seen whether doctors will extrapolate the more robust cardiovascular events data from Ozempic to Rybelsus.

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Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease Similar Despite HIV, Stratified Across Subpopulations

mymedicplus — Thu, 13 Feb 2020 09:27:12 +0000

Source:infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com

Despite elevated levels of some inflammatory biomarkers, individuals who are HIV-controllers and those who are long-term nonprogressors had similar subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) as individuals without HIV, according to results of a study published in HIV Medicine.

HIV-controllers are a rare subset of the HIV-positive population who demonstrate controlled levels of viral replication without antiretroviral treatment (ART). Long-term nonprogressors are a separate subset who are classified by longitudinal stability of CD4 T-cell counts. Moreover, HIV controllers and long-term nonprogressors exhibit increased levels of inflammation and immune dysregulation compared with individuals who do not have HIV. Although there are similar phenotypes, important distinctions exist between these groups. For example, long-term nonprogressors may still have nonsuppressed or high-level viremia, whereas HIV-controllers have chronic low-level viremia, but can demonstrate progression via decreasing CD4 T-cell counts over time. Understanding HIV-controllers and long-term nonprogressors may help elucidate the proportional contributions of ART, HIV replication, immunosuppression, and excess inflammation to subclinical CVD in the broader HIV-infected population.

Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection has resulted in extended survival, and therefore greater age-related morbidity and mortality for noninfectious diseases, especially CVD, in those with HIV. A higher CVD-associated morbidity and mortality rate in individuals with HIV is associated with adverse events of ART and elevated levels of inflammation and immune activation. Carotid artery plaque and carotid intima-media thickness are noninvasive and validated measures of subclinical atherosclerosis and vascular disease associated with increased risk for CVD events. Therefore, this study compared the prevalence and extent of subclinical carotid and coronary atherosclerosis, as well as inflammatory biomarker levels among HIV controllers, long-term nonprogressors, HIV-infected noncontrollers, and HIV-uninfected individuals.

A total of 210 individuals who were HIV controllers or long-term nonprogressors were included. Carotid plaque presence and common carotid artery intima-media thickness were measured; the presence of coronary artery calcium and plaque were measured in a subgroup of men. Using multivariable regression analyses and adjusting for demographics and CVD risk factors, associations between the HIV control category and carotid and the prevalence of coronary plaque were assessed. Additionally, serum inflammatory biomarker concentrations were measured and were assessed for associations with the HIV control category.

Results suggested that subclinical CVD was similar among HIV controllers, long-term nonprogressors, and individuals without HIV, despite elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers. In adjusted analyses, there was no significant difference between individuals with HIV of any HIV control category and individuals without HIV in terms of carotid plaque prevalence or carotid intima-media thickness. After adjusting for demographics and CVD risk, viremic HIV-infected individuals had a 37% greater prevalence of carotid plaque when compared with HIV-uninfected individuals (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.37).

In a secondary analysis, when compared with people who have HIV and are viremic, those who were HIV-controllers and long-term nonprogressors had a lower prevalence of carotid plaque (PR, 0.73 and 0.72, respectively). Compared with men with HIV who were viremic and men without HIV, those who were HIV controllers and long-term nonprogressors had similar prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis. Furthermore, compared with individuals without HIV, those who were HIV-controllers and long-term nonprogressors had higher concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers sCD163 and sCD14 (P <.05). Compared with individuals who do not have HIV, those with HIV who are viremic had higher concentrations of all 5 biomarkers assessed (P <.05).

Overall, the study authors concluded that, “Future collaborative studies with large, well-characterized cohorts of HIV controllers and [long-term nonprogressors] are needed to further characterize the risk of development of CVD among HIV-infected persons, in order to design effective CVD screening, prevention and treatment strategies for this unique population.”

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Migraine Headache and Risk for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events

mymedicplus — Wed, 12 Feb 2020 07:20:12 +0000

Source: neurologyadvisor.com

Migraine headache, particularly migraine with aura, is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular events, including ischemic stroke. In light of the high prevalence of migraine headache, this association should be further investigated, according to a review published in the Journal of the American Heart Association.

Other than the characteristic headache, migraine may be associated with transient focal neurology symptoms (eg, aura) that usually persist for less than an hour. There is a wide inter-individual and intra-individual variability in the frequency of migraine attacks. Migraine is most common in women aged 25 to 55 years, and the prevalence decreases after the fifth decade of life.

There are several possible mechanisms for the increased risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in patients with migraine, including higher prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, generalized endothelial dysfunction and increased platelet aggregation, higher prevalence of patent foramen ovale (PFO), and the effect of medications used to treat these patients.

Previous studies have reported gender differences in migraine characteristics, as the disease is more prevalent and frequently more severe in women. It is believed that fluctuations in hormone levels, particularly estrogen, may be responsible for these gender differences.

Many studies have reported an association between migraine and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, with a more robust association in cases of migraine with aura. There are data associating migraine with aura with an increased risk for ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality, as well as venous thromboembolism and peripheral artery disease.

As noted, PFO may be more common in patients with migraine. Several studies have suggested that closure of PFO may be beneficial and reduce migraine attack frequency. However, as this was not the primary outcome of the studies, routine PFO closure for migraine should not be recommended at this point.

While there are many studies reporting an association between migraine and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, the rate of events in all these studies was low. On the other hand, due to the high prevalence of migraine worldwide, this still translates into a substantial increase in population risk.

At this point, there are no established recommendations aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk in patients with migraine. Evidence of potential benefit of anti-platelet, beta-blocker, and statin therapy in patients with migraine are lacking. Moreover, limited data are available on the effect of controlling migraine symptoms on cardiovascular events.

While triptans have not been shown to increase cardiovascular risk in patients with migraine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use should be limited to acute migraine episodes, as chronic use may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk.

Patients with migraine should be counseled about a healthy lifestyle, including regular physical activity, smoking cessation, blood pressure control, and weight loss.

“To date, there has been no established therapy to lower cardiovascular risk among women with migraine. Physicians should inquire about migraine history when assessing the cardiovascular risk of women,” concluded the researchers.

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Lower Your Blood Pressure Reading By Avoiding This Food During The Holidays

mymedicplus — Sat, 14 Dec 2019 05:46:56 +0000

Source: ibtimes.com

High blood pressure occurs when the force of the blood pressing against blood vessel walls is steadily too high. When left unchecked, high blood pressure can increase the risk of developing several serious cardiovascular complications like heart disease, which happens to be one of the UK’s major killers.

The Christmas season can expose you to hidden health risks, even for a health-conscious person like you. This is because there will always be the temptation to overeat, particularly unhealthy foods.

A Delicious but Risky Treat

Cheese has always been present on the table of every Christmas day gatherings. You must be aware, however, that when you are keeping your blood pressure low, it is best to avoid cheese for the time being.

According to the British Heart Foundation or the BHF, cheese may be a good protein and calcium source, but in most instances, it is also high in salt and saturated fat. Foods that are high in salt and saturated fat increase the risk of having high blood pressure and high cholesterol.

Cholesterol is a waxy matter that flows with the blood. It has been linked to several cardiovascular problems like high blood pressure. The BHF warns that cholesterol and high blood pressure are both precursors to serious cardiovascular diseases.

While you need not completely shun the cheese board, you need to have only limited amounts when you are suffering from high blood pressure or if your cholesterol is high. The BHD said that there are cheese types that are saltier than seawater. Some of these are the feta Roquefort, cheese singles, and halloumi.

To reduce the risks, exchange high-fat cheese with lower-fat options like cottage cheese, reduced-fat cheese, or mozzarella. These cheese types are low in saturated fat and reduce the risk of high blood pressure.

There are also some cheese types that have been proven to help lower blood pressure. An example of this is the Grana Padano cheese.

During the American Society of Hypertension’s 31st Annual Scientific Meeting, results of research on Grana Padano cheese showed that one serving could lower blood pressure. The findings also revealed that its blood-pressure-lowering properties could be attributed to the peptides found in every serving of Grana Padano cheese.

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How to measure your body mass index – and what it means for your health

mymedicplus — Thu, 21 Nov 2019 06:07:26 +0000

Source: phillyvoice.com

Obesity rates have been rising in the United States for several decades, a trend that has public health officials concerned given the serious health risks associated with the condition.

About 93.3 million people in the United States are obese – nearly 40% of the adult population – according to a 2018 study.

Obesity is considered a major risk factor for various conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure and cancer. Almost 365,000 deaths each year can be attributed to obesity, according to Harvard Health.

To calculate it, you can simply input your height and weight into an online BMI calculator like this one. A BMI between 25 and 29.9 is considered overweight. A BMI of 30 and over is considered obese. Anything beneath 18.5 is viewed as underweight.

Waist circumference is another way to determine your risk for obesity and its related health issues. For women, a waist size larger than 35 inches is of concern. For men, it’s a waist larger than 40 inches.

Even losing few pounds can improve cardiovascular health, according to the American Heart Association. Not only can the body circulate blood in a more efficient manner, but it can also manage fluid levels better.

Additionally, losing weight can help people who are obese better manage high blood pressure as well as high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Obesity also increases the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Still, BMI only can tell us so much about our health. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, it “may overestimate body fat in athletes and others who have a muscular build” or it “may underestimate body fat in older persons and others who have lost muscle.”

Dr. Robert H. Shmerling, of Harvard Health, cautions that BMI is not a measure of patient’s total health. There are people with a high BMI who are healthy and people with a normal BMI who are not, he says. Still, Shmerling finds it a useful tool because a high BMI is linked to increased risk for various health conditions.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also does not consider BMI a diagnostic tool for disease risk. It recommends making time for regular health evaluations from a trained healthcare provider.

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