{"id":2342,"date":"2019-10-22T06:52:47","date_gmt":"2019-10-22T06:52:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mymedicplus.com\/news\/?p=2342"},"modified":"2021-03-31T00:42:18","modified_gmt":"2021-03-30T19:12:18","slug":"like-insects-in-amber-art-freezes-latent-hiv-reservoir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mymedicplus.com\/blog\/like-insects-in-amber-art-freezes-latent-hiv-reservoir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Like insects in amber\u2019: ART \u2018freezes\u2019 latent HIV reservoir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Source: healio.com<\/p>\n<p>The latent HIV reservoir is mostly formed soon after the initiation of treatment, suggesting that ART indirectly affects the host environment to favor the establishment of latently infected long-lived cells, researchers reported in\u00a0<em>Science Translational Medicine<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThese researchers are proposing that the virus cycles in and out of the reservoir, and that it is the introduction of antiretroviral therapy that freezes the reservoir viruses in place, like insects in amber,\u201d\u00a0<strong>Rowena Johnston, PhD,<\/strong>\u00a0vice president and director of research at amfAR, told\u00a0<em>Infectious Disease News<\/em>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wyContent\">\n<div id=\"view\" class=\"hidden-print\">\n<div id=\"page0\" data-page=\"0\">\n<p>While people with HIV are on ART, HIV can persist in resting CD4+ T cells as a latent reservoir,\u00a0despite the effective suppression of HIV-1 replication. Even with early ART initiation, the reservoir can form, and discontinuation of ART usually results in the \u201crapid rebound of virus, indicating that although therapy suppresses viral replication, HIV-1 is able to persist in an infectious state for years,\u201d\u00a0<strong>Melissa-Rose Abrahams, MSc(Med), PhD,<\/strong>\u00a0a research officer in the division of medical virology at the University of Cape Town\u2019s Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and colleagues wrote.<\/p>\n<p>However, much is still unknown about the formation of the HIV-1 latent reservoir, inhibiting progress toward a cure. Understanding when it forms may\u00a0inform future research.<\/p>\n<p>Abrahams and colleagues<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>studied blood samples from nine women with HIV receiving ART who participated in the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) 002 cohort. The women were originally enrolled into the cohort during acute\/primary HIV-1 infection.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s refreshing to see these researchers look at an understudied population \u2014 namely women \u2014 and in the region of the world most affected by HIV,\u201d said Johnston, who was not involved in the study. \u201cEven though more than half of all people in the world living with HIV are women, only a small fraction are represented in HIV cure research.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>According to the study, the researchers compared sequences of replication-competent viruses from resting peripheral CD4+ T cells with viral sequences circulating in blood that was collected longitudinally prior to therapy.<\/p>\n<p>Abrahams and colleagues assessed the genetic makeup the replicating viruses found right before ART initiation and the viruses induced from the post-therapy latent reservoir. They reported that, on average, 71% of the post-therapy viruses were genetically similar to the pretreatment viruses.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA reservoir of HIV is formed within days of initial infection, and this reservoir cannot be cleared by antiretroviral therapy,\u201d Johnston noted. \u201cWhat is as yet unknown is whether that virus cycles in and out of the reservoir, or whether it enters the reservoir and stays for the duration of the person\u2019s life.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2343,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[2174,52,222,2173,53,1258],"class_list":["post-2342","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aids-hiv","tag-amber","tag-hiv","tag-researchers","tag-rowena-johnston","tag-treatment","tag-viral-infection"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - 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