Browse pain and chronic conditions content in conditions.
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Arthritis pain affects over 350 million people globally across 100+ types of arthritis. Osteoarthritis (wear and tear) and rheumatoid arthritis (autoimmune) are the most common. Learn about analgesic ladders, DMARDs, joint replacement, and pain management strategies.
Cancer pain affects 55% of patients during treatment and 66% in advanced disease. The WHO 3-step analgesic ladder guides management from NSAIDs to strong opioids (morphine, oxycodone, fentanyl). Learn about neuropathic pain, breakthrough dosing, and palliative care.
Chronic back pain (lasting over 12 weeks) affects 20% of adults and is the leading cause of disability globally. Learn about red flag symptoms, biopsychosocial assessment, physiotherapy, duloxetine, spinal injections, and pain management strategies.
ME/CFS affects 17-24 million people globally. Characterised by post-exertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, and cognitive impairment. Learn about NICE 2021 guidance, energy management (pacing), and evidence-based management.
Chronic neck pain affects 1 in 3 adults and has multiple causes from cervical spondylosis to radiculopathy. Learn about red flag symptoms, cervical MRI, physiotherapy, manipulation, epidural steroid injections, and when surgery is needed.
Fibromyalgia is a central sensitisation syndrome causing widespread chronic pain affecting 2-4% of adults. Learn about the 2016 ACR diagnostic criteria, tender points, central sensitisation, duloxetine, pregabalin, CBT, and graded exercise therapy.
Joint pain (arthralgia) affects millions globally and has many causes from osteoarthritis to inflammatory arthritis. Learn about the distinction between mechanical and inflammatory joint pain, blood test interpretation (CRP, ESR, RF, anti-CCP), imaging, and evidence-based management.
Migraine affects 1 billion people globally, causing recurrent moderate-to-severe headache attacks. The third most common disease worldwide. Treat acute attacks with triptans; prevent with topiramate, propranolol, or CGRP monoclonal antibodies. Learn about aura, diagnosis, and trigger management.
Neuropathic pain affects 6-8% of adults globally and arises from damage or dysfunction of the nervous system rather than tissue injury. Burning, shooting, and electric-shock pain with allodynia are hallmark features. Anticonvulsants and SNRIs are first-line treatments.
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