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Endometriosis affects 1 in 10 women of reproductive age, causing chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhoea, and infertility. Average diagnostic delay is 7-8 years. Treated with hormonal therapy, laparoscopic excision, and fertility-sparing surgery. Learn about staging, fertility impacts, and management.
Female infertility affects approximately 48 million couples globally. Ovulatory disorders (35%), tubal damage (30%), and unexplained infertility (25%) are the most common causes. Ovulation induction, IUI, and IVF offer effective paths to conception for most couples.
Infertility affects 1 in 6 couples globally, with male factor contributing 50% of cases. Learn about ovulatory disorders, PCOS, tubal damage, sperm analysis, diagnostic workup, ovulation induction (clomiphene, letrozole), IUI, IVF-ICSI, and the emotional impact of fertility treatment.
Male infertility affects 7% of men and contributes to 50% of infertility cases globally. Abnormal sperm analysis, varicocele, hormonal disorders, and genetic conditions are common causes. IUI, IVF with ICSI, and varicocele repair are effective treatments.
Ovarian cysts affect up to 18% of women during reproductive years. Most are functional (follicular or corpus luteum) and resolve spontaneously. Learn about ultrasound features, RMI scoring for malignancy risk, laparoscopic management, and when emergency surgery is needed.
PCOS affects 6–12% of women of reproductive age and is the most common hormonal disorder causing infertility. Learn about the Rotterdam criteria, insulin resistance, metformin, clomifene, letrozole, and lifestyle management.
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) affects 1-2% of couples trying to conceive. Causes include chromosomal abnormalities, antiphospholipid syndrome, uterine anomalies, and thrombophilia. Learn about investigations, aspirin plus heparin therapy, progesterone, and IVF with PGT-A.
Uterine fibroids affect 70% of women by age 50. Causing heavy periods, pelvic pain, and infertility. Learn about ultrasound diagnosis, mifepristone, uterine artery embolisation, myomectomy, and fertility preservation.
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