Ultrasound — Procedure Guide, Recovery & Risks | MyMedicPlus

Diagnostic ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves (2–18 MHz) emitted from a transducer probe to generate real-time images of internal organs, soft tissues, and blood vessels. It is safe, non-invasive, and involves no ionising radiation, making it the first-line imaging modality in pregnancy.

Used to evaluate abdominal organs (liver, gallbladder, kidneys, pancreas, spleen), obstetric assessment at all trimesters, thyroid and breast lumps, musculoskeletal injuries and tendons, deep vein thrombosis (Doppler), and to guide biopsies, drains, or cannulation.

Acoustic coupling gel is applied to the skin and a transducer probe is moved over the area of interest. Sound waves reflect off tissue interfaces to produce real-time images on a display. For pelvic organs, an endovaginal or endorectal probe provides higher-resolution internal imaging.

No recovery time is needed. Patients resume normal activities immediately after a standard ultrasound. For endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) performed under sedation, a 1–2 hour observation period is required before discharge, and driving is not advised on the same day.

Diagnostic ultrasound is considered extremely safe with no confirmed biological hazards at standard diagnostic intensities. Image quality may be limited by patient body habitus, overlying bowel gas, or operator skill level. Ultrasound is not reliable for imaging bone or gas-filled structures.

Ultrasound sensitivity for gallstones exceeds 95%. Doppler ultrasound detects proximal deep vein thrombosis with sensitivity greater than 95% in symptomatic patients. Real-time guidance for procedures such as biopsy and central line insertion significantly reduces complication rates.