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Arthritis encompasses over 100 joint conditions including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, affecting 350 million people globally. Learn about diagnosis, DMARDs, biologics, and joint replacement.
Back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting 80% of adults at some point. Learn about mechanical vs. serious causes, red flag symptoms, physiotherapy, NSAIDs, and when to seek urgent care.
A fracture is a break in bone continuity caused by trauma, stress, or pathological weakening. There are 178 million new fractures annually worldwide. Learn about fracture types, X-ray diagnosis, casting, surgical fixation, and recovery timelines.
Muscle strain (pulled muscle) is a partial or complete tear of muscle fibres caused by overstretching or sudden overload. Most common in hamstrings, calf, and lower back. Graded I-III; managed with PRICE protocol, physiotherapy, and rarely surgery.
Neck pain affects up to 70% of people at some point, with cervical spondylosis being the most common cause in adults over 40. Most cases resolve with physiotherapy and NSAIDs; cervical radiculopathy requires targeted treatment.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, affecting 500 million people globally. It causes cartilage breakdown, joint pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. Learn about weight management, physiotherapy, NSAIDs, intra-articular injections, and when joint replacement surgery is needed.
Osteoporosis affects 200 million people globally, causing low bone density and fragility fractures. Hip fractures carry 20–30% mortality at one year. Bisphosphonates, denosumab, and romosozumab reduce fracture risk by 40–70%. DEXA scan diagnoses with T-score ≤−2.5.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory arthritis affecting 1% of adults. Synovial inflammation causes joint destruction and systemic complications. Learn about methotrexate, biologic DMARDs, and treat-to-target strategies.
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