Browse comprehensive guides on medical conditions covering causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention strategies worldwide.
271 entries
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An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal bulge in the wall of the body's largest artery (the aorta). Abdominal aortic aneurysms affect 1-2% of men over 65. Learn about risk factors, screening, monitoring, endovascular repair, and open surgical options.
Arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm affecting how the heart beats — too fast, too slow, or irregularly. Atrial fibrillation affects 37 million people globally. Learn about types, causes, ECG diagnosis, medications, ablation, and pacemakers.
Arthritis is inflammation of one or more joints causing pain, swelling, stiffness, and reduced mobility. Over 100 types exist, with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis being most common. Learn about diagnosis, medications, biologics, and lifestyle management.
Arthritis pain is chronic joint pain caused by inflammation, cartilage damage, or both. It affects over 350 million people worldwide. Learn about pain assessment, pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management strategies, and when surgery may be needed.
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition causing airway inflammation, narrowing, and excess mucus production. Affects 1 in 13 people (over 300 million) globally. Learn about triggers, inhaler therapy, biologic treatments, and emergency asthma management.
Browse autoimmune diseases content in conditions.
Autoimmune thyroid disease includes Hashimoto's thyroiditis (causing hypothyroidism) and Graves' disease (causing hyperthyroidism). Together they affect 5-10% of the population, predominantly women. Learn about TSH testing, levothyroxine, antithyroid drugs, and radioiodine.
Back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting 619 million people. Learn about acute vs. chronic back pain, common causes including disc herniation, sciatica, and muscle strain, diagnosis, physiotherapy, medications, and when surgery is needed.
Bad breath (halitosis) affects an estimated 1 in 4 people globally. In 85-90% of cases it originates in the mouth from bacteria on the tongue, gum disease, or tooth decay. Learn about oral hygiene strategies, dietary triggers, and when halitosis signals an underlying medical condition.
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterised by alternating episodes of mania or hypomania and depression. Affects 40-60 million people worldwide. Learn about Bipolar I vs II, mood stabilisers (lithium), psychotherapy, and long-term management strategies.
Bladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer globally, with 573,000 new cases annually. Smoking accounts for 50% of cases. Painless blood in the urine (haematuria) is the hallmark warning sign. Learn about staging, TURBT, intravesical therapy, immunotherapy, and cystectomy.
Bleeding disorders are conditions where blood cannot clot normally, causing excessive or prolonged bleeding. Includes haemophilia A and B, von Willebrand disease, and platelet disorders. Learn about factor replacement therapy, desmopressin, and DOAC reversal agents.
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