Browse comprehensive guides on symptoms covering causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and evidence-based prevention strategies. Reviewed by medical professionals.
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Headaches range from common tension-type to debilitating migraines. Learn to identify headache types, recognise thunderclap and red-flag emergency signs, and explore evidence-based treatment and prevention.
Heart palpitations feel like racing, fluttering, or skipping heartbeats. Most are benign but some indicate arrhythmia. Learn about causes, when to get an ECG, and red-flag warning signs.
Joint pain (arthralgia) can stem from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or infection. Learn about causes, how to distinguish types, red-flag signs of septic arthritis, and treatment options.
Leg pain can arise from muscles, nerves, joints, or blood vessels. Learn about causes from sciatica and DVT to peripheral artery disease, and when leg pain is a vascular emergency.
Lower back pain affects 80% of adults and is the world's leading cause of disability. Learn about causes from muscle strain to disc herniation, cauda equina red flags, and evidence-based treatment options.
Nausea and vomiting have many causes from gastroenteritis and pregnancy to serious conditions. Learn about dehydration risk, when vomiting blood is an emergency, and evidence-based relief strategies.
Neck pain is extremely common, affecting two-thirds of adults. Learn about causes from muscle tension and cervical spondylosis to rare emergencies like meningitis, and evidence-based treatments.
Shortness of breath (dyspnoea) can signal heart attack, pulmonary embolism, asthma, or heart failure. Learn about emergency warning signs, causes, diagnostic tests, and when to call emergency services.
Skin rashes range from contact dermatitis and eczema to life-threatening meningococcal disease. Learn to identify rash types, understand causes, and recognise non-blanching rash emergency signs.
Most sore throats are viral and resolve in 5-7 days without antibiotics. Learn to distinguish strep throat from viral pharyngitis, recognise serious warning signs, and understand when antibiotics are needed.
Stomach (epigastric) pain can arise from gastritis, peptic ulcers, GERD, pancreatitis, or gallstones. Learn about causes, H. pylori infection, red-flag symptoms, and when to seek urgent care.
Swelling (oedema) can indicate heart failure, DVT, kidney disease, or liver cirrhosis. Learn about pitting vs non-pitting oedema, common causes, red-flag signs, and effective management strategies.
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